Check the steering wheel play with the vehicle on a level, non-slip surface. The play must not exceed 5°. You can define backlash in linear units (mm) according to the formula
L = (5°/360°) pD, Where
L - play of the steering wheel, mm;
p=3,14;
D - outer diameter of the steering wheel, mm.
For a steering wheel with an outer diameter of 400 mm, the play should be no more than 18–20 mm.
You will need: ruler, chalk (or wire) for labeling.
1. Set the front wheels to straight ahead.
Note. If the position of the front wheels corresponds to a straight-line movement, and the steering wheel spokes are not horizontal, this indicates a violation of the adjustment of the wheel alignment angles, the presence of defects in the steering or suspension.
2. Install the ruler so that its end rests against the instrument panel, and the edge of the ruler touches the outer surface of the steering wheel rim. Without changing the position of the ruler, turn the steering wheel in any direction until the front wheels begin to turn. In this position, mark the steering wheel rim (fasten the wire).
3. Without changing the position of the ruler, turn the steering wheel in the other direction until the front wheels begin to turn. In this position, put a second mark on the steering wheel rim (fasten the wire).
4. Measure the distance between the marks along the rim. It should be no more than the calculated value. If the distance (steering wheel free play) more and it can not be brought to the norm by adjusting (see «Steering gear»), continue to test the steering to determine the cause of the increase in free play.