General part
If there has been a brake fluid leak or if air has entered the system, the system must first be cleared before proceeding further.
Park the car on a level surface, start the engine and engage first gear or reverse on models with a manual transmission (on models with an automatic transmission, move the selector lever to the "P" position). Then place blocks under the wheels and release the handbrake.
Bleeding the brake system
If the damage is only in one circuit of the hydraulic system (it has a diagonal fork on models without ABS and a front and rear fork on models with ABS), then air removal will only be required in the corresponding circuit. In case of the main brake cylinder (its disconnection or connection), if the brake fluid level has dropped significantly, it is necessary to bleed air from the entire system, following the following sequence.
For models without ABS system:
- a) right front brake;
- b) right rear brake;
- c) left front brake;
- d) left rear brake.
For models with ABS system:
- a) right front brake;
- b) left front brake;
- c) right rear brake;
- d) left rear brake.
Pumping the system - the main way of work: together
Prepare a clean glass container (jug), a plastic or rubber tube that matches the size of the outlet nipple, and a nipple wrench.
Remove the dust cap from the first nipple in the order of operation. Place the tube and wrench on the nipple, place the other end of the tube in a glass jug and pour brake fluid into it until it covers the end of the tube.
Make sure the hydraulic fluid reservoir level is maintained slightly above the MIN level mark throughout the process.
Have an assistant press the brake pedal all the way down several times to build up pressure, then leave it in that position.
Unscrew the nipple (about one turn) and allow the liquid to drain into the jug. At the same time, the assistant must press the pedal all the way down to maintain pressure and release it. when needed. When all the liquid has drained. tighten the bleed nipple and tell your assistant. so that he slowly releases the pedal, then check the fluid level in the reservoir again.
Repeat these operations until. until there are no air bubbles in the liquid coming out of the nipple.
Bleeding the system - using a device with a valve
Such kits consist of a section of pipeline. having a one-way valve to trap air and direct liquid back into the system; some devices have a transparent bulb so that the bubbles coming out of the tube can be seen.
The device is connected to the nipple, which is then opened. Then you need to press the brake pedal smoothly and evenly, slowly releasing it. The operation must be repeated until all air has been completely removed from the system.
It is necessary to ensure that the level is above the MIN mark, otherwise air will be drawn into the system.
Bleeding the system with a pressure bleeder
These devices are usually powered by compressed air, such as a spare bladder, although you will need to reduce the pressure according to the instructions supplied with the device.
Connect a pressurized container of fluid to the brake fluid reservoir and release air from the system by opening each nipple (in turn, in the established order), until all air bubbles are removed.
For all methods
After releasing air and eliminating the brake pedal "failure", wash away the spilled fluid, tighten the nipples securely and install the protective caps. Do not tighten the nipples too tightly.
Check the brake fluid level in the reservoir and top up if necessary.