Warning! Learn to brake smoothly, without allowing the wheels to lock. It is even better to use smooth braking with the service brakes while simultaneously shifting to lower gears in the gearbox.
This technique ensures the vehicle's directional stability even on slippery road sections and, in addition, helps save fuel and increases the service life of tires and brake pads.
If, with serviceable suspensions, adjusted front wheel alignment angles and normal air pressure in the tires, the car pulls to the side when braking and you need to turn the steering wheel to maintain the direction of travel, it is necessary to check the service brakes at a certified service brake inspection station.
When you get behind the wheel of a car for the first time, check the operation of the brakes at moderate speeds to acquire the initial skill of braking.
Caution! To avoid the brake shoes sticking to the drums, do not park the vehicle for long periods with the parking brake on.
Warning!
- In the event of failure of one of the brake system circuits, the second circuit provides braking of the vehicle. In this case, the brake pedal travel increases and decreases the braking efficiency, which at first may be assessed by you as a complete brake failure. In this case, do not release the pedal and do not press it repeatedly, which only increases the braking distance, but press the pedal until you achieve the maximum possible braking effect.
- If in an exceptional case you have to use the parking brake while driving (for example, if the working brake system fails), then do not tighten it too much and keep the button on the lever pressed all the time. Otherwise, the rear wheels may lock and the car may skid.
When stopping or parking on an uphill or downhill slope, apply the parking brake and, accordingly, first or reverse gear in the gearbox.
To prevent the brake shoes from freezing to the drums after driving on wet roads at low temperatures, do not leave the car in an open area with the parking brake on without drying the brakes by braking smoothly as you move towards the parking space.
When parking a car during a snowfall, it is recommended to press the windshield wiper arms away from the glass to avoid the wipers freezing.
Warning! Do not turn off the ignition while the vehicle is moving! When the engine stops, the force required to apply to the brake pedal to brake the vehicle increases sharply.
Anti-lock braking system
In the variant version, the cars are equipped with an anti-lock braking system (ABS), which prevents the wheels from locking during braking, thereby ensuring the maintenance of a given trajectory of movement and the ability to correct it during braking by turning the steering wheel, as well as a minimum braking distance in conditions of smooth and hard surfaces. However, when braking on a road with an uneven or loose surface (gravel, sand, loose snow) some increase in braking distance may occur compared to braking under the same conditions with locked wheels.
ABS also performs an additional function of electronic brake force distribution, which in all standard braking modes and even if the main ABS function fails, ensures an optimal ratio of braking forces between the front and rear wheels of the vehicle.
Caution! To avoid limiting the ABS performance, do not install tires of different sizes on the vehicle.
During emergency braking, press the brake pedal as quickly and with maximum force as possible and hold it without releasing it until the end of braking. When changing direction while braking, also do not release the brake pedal.
Warning! Intermittent braking (releasing and pressing the brake pedal again) on vehicles with ABS increases the braking distance.
Braking with ABS starts at a speed of over 8 km/h and is accompanied by a slight pulsation of the brake pedal and a characteristic noise of the ABS actuators. ABS stops working when the vehicle speed drops to 3 km/h.
Warning! If the ABS indicator comes on, except in the self-test mode when the ignition is turned on, this indicates that the ABS function has failed. In this case, the operation of the hydraulic brake drive is not affected. Simultaneous illumination of the ABS indicator and the "Brake failure" indicator, except in the self-test mode when the ignition is turned on, indicates a failure of all ABS and electronic brake force distribution functions. In this case, when braking, premature locking of the rear wheels and dangerous skidding of the car are possible. In both cases, the fault must be corrected by a certified PSNS as quickly as possible.
Electronic stability control system
In the variant version, the cars are equipped with an electronic stability control system (ECU system), which, in any road conditions, when the car deviates from the trajectory of movement set by the driver (demolition or drift) automatically applies the brakes to one or more wheels and, if necessary, reduces engine torque, thereby compensating for the deviation and maintaining the stability and control of the vehicle.
The ECU system also performs the functions of ABS, electronic brake force distribution and anti-skid function, which optimizes wheel slippage when starting off and accelerating by braking the wheels and, if necessary, reducing engine torque.
Warning! When the ESC system is activated, accompanied by the ESC indicator flashing, this indicates that the tires' adhesion limit has been reached. To avoid losing control of your vehicle, you must adapt your driving style to the actual road conditions.
Brake assist system
Vehicles with ABS or ECU systems are equipped with a brake booster with an auxiliary brake system, which recognizes the need for emergency braking based on the high speed of pressing the brake pedal and automatically ensures maximum braking efficiency for the entire time the brake pedal is pressed.