Note: Depending on the malfunction that has occurred, the sequence and scope of repair work may be changed.
The most common starter faults:
1. The winding burns out or the contact bolts and contact plate in the traction relay burn out. To eliminate these faults, it is necessary to replace the traction relay. This can be done on a car without removing the starter.
2. The overrunning clutch of the drive is faulty. To eliminate this malfunction, it is necessary to disassemble the starter and replace the drive.
3. The starter brushes are worn out. The starter should be removed, the brush assembly replaced and the commutator cleaned. When replacing the brush assembly, there is no need to remove the starter drive and traction relay.
To complete the work you will need: two power cables (with clamps on the ends) to start the engine from the battery of another car; external snap ring pliers; ohmmeter.
Examination
Note: You can check the electrical part of the starter without disassembling it.
1. Remove the starter (see above, "Starter - removal and installation").
Warning: When performing the test, do not short-circuit the positive battery terminal wire clamp to the starter housing. To do this, the clamp should be extended, for example by inserting a steel punch into it.
2. Using one wire, connect the negative terminal of the battery to the starter housing. The second wire, connected to the positive terminal of the battery, is connected to the contact bolt 3 of the retractor relay, to which the starter wire is connected. If the starter armature starts to rotate, the starter motor is good.
3. Connect the second wire to contact bolt 1 of the pull-in relay. Using a screwdriver or other suitable metal object, we short-circuit terminal 2 and contact bolt 1 of the pull-in relay. If you hear a loud click and the starter armature starts to rotate, then the traction relay is working properly.
To further check the starter, as well as to determine the cause of the malfunction, it is necessary to disassemble the starter.
Replacing the solenoid relay
1. Using a 13 mm socket wrench, unscrew the nut securing the wire tip to the terminal (contact bolt) pull-in relay.
2. Remove the wire tip from the contact bolt of the starter relay.
3. Using a TORX T20 key, unscrew the two bolts securing the starter relay.
4. Remove the starter solenoid relay (in this case it is necessary to disconnect the relay core earring from the upper end of the drive lever).
Recommendation. Check the ease of movement of the retractor relay core. Connect an ohmmeter to the terminals of the pull-in relay and, by pressing the anchor all the way in, make sure that the contact bolts close (electrical resistance is close to zero). A faulty solenoid relay must be replaced.
5. Install the pull-in relay in the reverse order.