Comment. Depending on the malfunction that has occurred, the sequence and scope of repair work can be changed.
The most common starter failures are:
1. The winding burns out or the contact bolts and the contact plate in the traction relay burn out. To eliminate these faults, it is necessary to replace the traction relay. This can be done on the car without removing the starter.
2. Defective overrunning drive clutch. To eliminate this malfunction, it is necessary to disassemble the starter and replace the drive.
3. Worn starter brushes. Remove the starter, replace the brush assembly and clean the manifold. When replacing the brush assembly, there is no need to remove the starter drive and the traction relay.
To do the job you will need: two power wires (with clips at the ends) to start the engine from the battery of another car; puller of external locking rings; ohmmeter.
Examination
Comment. You can check the electrical part of the starter without disassembling it.
1. Remove the starter (see above, «Starter - removal and installation»).
Warning! When checking, do not short circuit the wire clamp connected to the positive terminal of the battery to the starter housing. To do this, the clamp should be extended, for example, by inserting a steel punch into it.
2. With one wire, connect the negative terminal of the battery to the starter housing. The second wire, connected to the positive terminal of the battery, is connected to the contact bolt 3 of the solenoid relay, to which the starter wire is connected. If the starter armature begins to rotate, the starter motor is good.
3. We connect the second wire to the contact bolt 1 of the solenoid relay. Using a screwdriver or other suitable metal object, we close terminal 2 and contact bolt 1 of the solenoid relay. If there was a loud click and the starter armature began to rotate, then the traction relay is working properly.
To further check the starter, as well as to determine the cause of the malfunction, it is necessary to disassemble the starter.
Replacing the solenoid relay
1. Using a 13 mm socket wrench, unscrew the nut that secures the wire tip to the terminal (contact bolt) retractor relay.
2. Remove the wire tip from the contact bolt of the solenoid relay.
3. Using the TORX T20 key, we unscrew the two bolts securing the retractor relay.
4. Remove the retractor relay from the starter (in this case, it is necessary to disconnect the earring of the relay core from the upper end of the drive lever).
Recommendation. Check the ease of movement of the core of the solenoid relay. Connect an ohmmeter to the terminals of the solenoid relay and, sinking the armature to the stop, make sure that the contact bolts close (electrical resistance close to zero). A defective solenoid relay must be replaced.
5. Install the solenoid relay in reverse order.