Squeaking, squealing when braking
| Squeaking, squealing when braking | |
| Cause of malfunction | Methods of elimination |
| Maximum wear of brake linings | Replace the brake pads (all at once on one axis) |
| Inclusion of foreign particles (sand) in the lining material | As a rule, it does not require intervention (you can clean the linings with a wire brush) |
| Low quality of the overlay material | Replace the pads (all at once on one axis) |
| Severe corrosion of the brake disc (due to poor quality of the disc material and/or lining) | Replace brake discs |
| The brake shoe lining has separated from the base | Replace the pads (all at once on one axis) |
| The rear brake shoe tension spring is weak or broken | Replace the spring |
| Braking with wheel lock | Do not over-brake, use tires appropriate to the driving conditions |
Vibration when braking
| Vibration when braking | |
| Cause of malfunction | Methods of elimination |
| Brake disc deformation | Replace both drives |
| Increased axial play of the wheel (severe wear of front wheel bearings or loose hub nut) | Tighten the wheel hub nut, replace the bearing if necessary |
| Brake drum ovality | Grind or replace the drum |
| The piston in the rear wheel cylinder is jammed | Replace the cylinder |
| The brake shoe lining has separated from the base | Replace the pads (all at once on one axis) |
| The rear brake shoe tension spring is weak or broken | Replace the spring |
Car drifting or skidding when braking
| Car drifting or skidding when braking | |
| Cause of malfunction | Methods of elimination |
| Wheel cylinder piston jamming | Replace the cylinder |
| Blockage of brake lines: tubes or hoses | Replace damaged tubes and hoses |
| Peeling of the lining from the base of the brake shoe | Replace the pad (better to have everything on one axis at the same time) |
| Oiling of brake discs, drums, linings | Clean oily discs and drums, replace pads. Eliminate the cause of oiling |
| Ice or salt crust formed on the surface of the pads (in winter). The pads got wet | At the start of movement, at low speed, check the brakes. In the rain and after driving through deep puddles, dry the brakes by lightly pressing the brake pedal |
| Different tire pressure on left and right wheels | Set the pressure to normal |
| Significant difference in tire wear | Replace a worn tire |
| The pressure regulator drive is incorrectly adjusted | Adjust the drive |
| The pressure regulator is faulty | Replace the regulator |
| One of the circuits of the service brake system is not working (braking efficiency is significantly reduced) | Fix the brake fluid leak, bleed the system |
| Brake disc deformation | Replace both drives |
| Wheel axial play (severe wear of front wheel bearings or loose hub nut) | Tighten the wheel hub nut, replace the bearing if necessary |
| Brake drum ovality | Grind or replace the drum |
| The shock absorber of the rack is faulty | Replace both shock absorbers |
| Uneven front suspension spring sag | Replace both springs |
| Wheel alignment angles are incorrect | Adjust the wheel alignment angles |
Increased brake pedal travel
| Increased brake pedal travel (pedal is "soft" or "falls through") | |
| Cause of malfunction | Methods of elimination |
| Air in the brake system, brake fluid leakage through leaks in hydraulic drive connections, damage to the cuffs in the master brake cylinder, pressure regulator, damage to brake pipes and hoses | Inspect all lines, their threaded connections and cylinders, and eliminate leaks. Restore the normal fluid level in the brake reservoir and bleed the system. If damage to brake hoses is detected (cracks, bulges or traces of brake fluid) replace the hoses. If you suspect defects in the master brake cylinder, replace it with a serviceable one |
| The rubber seals of the cylinders swelled due to oil, gasoline, etc. getting into the brake fluid. | Replace cylinders, hoses, completely drain brake fluid, flush the system with fresh fluid and bleed |
| Overheating of brake mechanisms | Let the brakes cool. Use only DOT-4 brake fluids in the system. Replace the brake fluid on time |
| Increased clearance between the pads and the drum (the automatic gap adjustment device does not work) | Replace the wheel cylinder, bleed the system |
| One of the circuits of the service brake system is not working | Fix the brake fluid leak, bleed the system |
| Increased (more than 0.15 mm) brake disc runout | Replace both drives |
The car brakes poorly
| Brake pedal travel is within normal limits (the pedal is hard), but the car brakes poorly | |
| Cause of malfunction | Methods of elimination |
| Wheel cylinder piston jamming | Replace the cylinder |
| Blockage of brake lines: tubes (because of dents) or hoses (due to swelling or delamination of the rubber) | Replace damaged tubes and hoses |
| Oiling of brake discs, drums, linings | Clean oily discs and drums, replace pads. Eliminate the cause of oiling |
| Complete wear of brake linings (brakes grinding) | Replace the brake pads (all at once on one axis) |
| Ice or salt crust formed on the surface of the pads (in winter). The pads got wet | At the start of movement, at low speed, check the brakes. In the rain and after driving through deep puddles, dry the brakes by lightly pressing the brake pedal |
| Low quality of the pad material | Replace the pads (all at once on one axis) |
| Severe corrosion of the brake disc (due to poor quality of the disc material and/or lining) | Replace the disks |
| The brake shoe lining has separated from the base | Replace the pads (all at once on one axis) |
| The pressure regulator drive is incorrectly adjusted | Adjust the drive |
| The pressure regulator is faulty | Replace the regulator |
| The vacuum booster is faulty or the hose connecting the booster to the receiver is leaky | Check the integrity of the hose, its fit on the fittings, and the tightness of the clamps. Check the amplifier operation |
Incomplete release of braking of all wheels
| Incomplete release of braking of all wheels | |
| Cause of malfunction | Methods of elimination |
| There is no free travel of the brake pedal | Adjust the pedal free play |
| The rubber seals of the cylinders swelled due to oil, gasoline, etc. getting into the brake fluid. | Replace cylinders, hoses, completely drain brake fluid, flush the system with fresh fluid and bleed |
| The master cylinder piston is stuck (due to corrosion, breakage of return springs) | Replace the master cylinder, bleed the system |
Braking of one of the wheels with the brake pedal released
| Braking of one of the wheels with the brake pedal released | |
| Cause of malfunction | Methods of elimination |
| Wheel cylinder piston jamming | Replace the cylinder |
| The rubber seals of the cylinders swelled due to oil, gasoline, etc. getting into the brake fluid. | Replace cylinders, hoses, completely drain brake fluid, flush the system with fresh fluid and bleed |
| Blockage of brake lines: tubes (because of dents) or hoses (due to swelling or delamination of the rubber) | Replace damaged tubes and hoses |
| Seizure of brake pads due to severe contamination of the caliper support surfaces | Remove the pads, clean the bearing surfaces of the pads and the caliper |
| Rear brake shoe lining delamination | Replace the pads (all at once on one axis) |
| The rear brake shoe tension spring is weak or broken | Replace the spring |
| Deformation of the spacer bar, misalignment of the pads due to deformation of the brake shield | Straighten or replace the spacer bar, brake shield |
| The brake shoe guide to the steering knuckle has become loose | Tighten the bolts |
| The parking brake is overtightened, the cables are jammed in the sheaths | Adjust the tension of the cables, lubricate them with engine oil, if the sheath is damaged or the cable wires are frayed, and if there is severe corrosion, replace the cable |
Insufficient efficiency of the parking brake system
| Insufficient efficiency of the parking brake system | |
| Cause of malfunction | Methods of elimination |
| Incorrect drive adjustment | Adjust the drive |
| Drive cables are jammed in the sheaths | Lubricate the cables with engine oil; if the sheath is damaged or the cable wires are frayed, and if there is severe corrosion, replace the cable |
| Brake drums and linings are oily | Clean oily discs and drums, replace pads. Eliminate the cause of oiling |
| Ice or salt crust formed on the surface of the pads (in winter). The pads got wet | At the start of movement, at low speed, check the brakes. In the rain and after driving through deep puddles, dry the brakes by lightly pressing the brake pedal |
When the parking brake lever is released, the wheels are not released
| When the parking brake lever is released, the wheels are not released | |
| Cause of malfunction | Methods of elimination |
| Incorrect drive adjustment | Adjust the drive |
| After the car had been parked for a long time, the brake pads stuck (or frozen) to the drum | When pulling the lever or cables, try to carefully (to avoid damaging the brake pads) turn the wheel. When parking the car, if possible, do not apply the brakes, but engage the gear |